MindEd课程 | 如果我担心孩子的精神健康，我可以做些什么？（简读版）
关于MindEd
据统计，四分之三的成人精神疾病在21岁以前就已经能够有所发现，因此，有效的早期干预对于预防精神疾病的发生发展至关重要。
MindEd是英国卫生部及教育部联合开放的一款线上教育课程，MindEd提供了有关300多个主题的免费在线课程，其内容均由英国和国际顶级专家撰写和编辑，适用于从医疗卫生人员到公众的各类型用户。
MindEd的目标是为英国所有国民提供有关儿童和青少年心理问题的“急救”（first aid）知识和相关基本技能，为所有从事儿童、青少年和家庭工作的成年人提供简单、明确的指导，以打破有关精神疾病的歧视，提高儿童和青少年的精神健康及福祉，为儿童和青少年创造更美好的未来。
如果我担心孩子的精神健康，我可以做些什么？
如果我担心孩子的精神健康，我需要做些什么吗？
是的，你需要立即行动，要知道每五名儿童和青少年中就有一名有精神健康问题。
作为家长，你通常可以做些事情来支持和帮助他们。
我应该和谁谈谈？
△ 先跟你的孩子谈谈。
△ 然后，和其他对你孩子的生活至关重要的人谈谈：
‣ 教师
‣ 保姆
‣ 其他家庭成员
△ 每所学校都有一个特殊教育需求协调员（SpecialEducational Needs Coordinator，简称SENCO）*，他将会是一个很好的交谈对象。
*特殊教育需求协调员（SpecialEducational Needs Coordinator，简称SENCO）是英国特殊教育体系中的重要组成部分，他们在学校里为有身体残疾或精神残疾的儿童及青少年提供帮助。
△ 如果孩子在学校有困难的话，他们可能会邀请教育心理学家一起参与进来。
△ 教育心理学家是儿童行为问题方面的专家。
△ 你当地的医生也会是一个很好的交谈对象，他们应该知道有哪些在地服务项目可以提供给你帮助。
在和这些人交谈过程中，我应该问些什么？
他们有没有注意到你的孩子：
‣ 行为发生了改变？
‣ 精力变差了？
‣ 与其他孩子玩耍的方式改变了？
‣ 吃饭、睡觉或上厕所的习惯改变了？
我如何与我的孩子交谈？
△ 在你平静下来以后，再和你的孩子交谈。
△ 在你孩子很忙的时候，不要强迫交谈。
△ 耐心一点。
△ 多想想，再做出决定。
△ 不要总是指责他们。
△ 你可以用这样的方式来与你的孩子交谈：“我注意到你最近……”
‣ 每次我要你做什么事情的时候，你就发脾气。
‣ 你最近好像不太爱去踢足球了。
‣ 我想知道最近是有什么困扰你吗？
△ 多倾听，多问些问题，才能促成理解。
△ 在听孩子说话的时候，请尽量保持冷静。
其他要注意的事情
△ 你的孩子睡眠充足吗？
△ 他们吃的食物健康吗？
△ 他们在学校有被欺负吗？
△ 他们在网上做些什么？
‣ 你知道他们正在访问哪些网站吗？
‣ 你知道他们在网上和谁聊天吗？
△ 他们有在服用毒品或者酒精吗？
我在哪里可以得到帮助？
△ 有很多不同类型的支持服务项目，当地政府应该能够告诉你在你所在的地区有哪些相关服务可以提供。
△ 有些网站为父母提供了许多很好的建议和信息，比如：
‣ www.minded.org.uk
‣ www.familylives.org.uk
△ 有些网站则是为孩子提供建议和信息的，例如：
‣ www.getconnected.org.uk
△ 以下是另一些为孩子和家长提供有用建议和信息的网站：
‣ www.relate.org.uk
‣ www.youngminds.org.uk
‣ www.rcpsych.ac.uk
△ 还有一些热线可以拨打，你可以在热线上谈谈你的问题：
‣ 家庭生活（Family Lives）*保密热线：0808 800 2222
*家庭生活（Family Lives）是英国的一家专为父母提供服务的公益慈善热线
‣ 儿童热线（Childline）* ：0800 1111
*儿童热线（Childline）是英国国立防止虐待儿童协会（National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children，简称NSPCC）提供的一条为儿童及青少年提供服务的24h免费热线
△ 在紧急情况下 – 请及时呼叫救护车或去急诊
作为家长，我该如何照顾好我自己？
△ 帮助孩子解决精神问题，总是会给家长带来许多压力。
△ 作为家长，你也需要照顾好自己，这样才能帮助你的孩子。
△ 所以，请时不时地休息一下，做一些有趣的事情。
△ 和你的朋友聊聊天。
△ 多呼吸呼吸新鲜空气。
△ 多参与锻炼。
△ 你可以试试正念冥想，它可以帮助缓解压力。
‣ 正念能帮助你更冷静地关注当下。
‣ 冥想能训练你的心灵更为平静。
About MindEd
With three-quarters of adult mental disorders in evidence by the age of 21, effective early intervention can be essential in preventing the development of ill health and disability.
MindEd was developed by a consortium of partner organisations and funding by the Department of Health, the Department for Education and Health Education England. It provides accessible, engaging online training in emotional and behavioural ‘first aid’ and essential therapeutic skills for all those involved in the mental wellbeing and care of children and young people in the UK.
MindEd offers free, completely open access, online education in over 300 topics. Our e-learning is applicable to a wide range of learners across the health, social care, education, criminal justice and community settings.
Its aim is to provide simple, clear guidance on children and young people’s mental health, wellbeing and development to any adult working with children, young people and families, to help them support the development of young healthy minds.
What should I do if I am worried?
Should I do anything if I’m worried about my child’s mental health?
Yes. One in every five children and young people have a mental health problem.
Usually something can be done to support and help them.
Who should I talk to?
△ First talk to your child.
△ Talk to other people who are important in your child’s life:
‣ Teachers.
‣ Child carers .
‣ Family members.
△ Each school has a Special Educational Needs Coordinator (SENCO) who will be a good person to talk to.
△ They could involve an Educational Psychologist if there are difficulties in school.
△ An Educational Psychologist is an expert in behaviour problems.
△ Your local doctor is a good person to go and talk to. They should know about local services that could help.
What should I ask about?
Have they noticed that your child:
‣ Has changed their behaviour.
‣ Has less energy.
‣ Changed how they play with other children.
‣ Has changed how they eat, sleep or go to the toilet.
How do I talk to my child?
△ Talk to your child when you are feeling calm.
△ Don’t try to talk when they are very busy.
△ Be patient. Take your time to make decisions. Don’t be always telling them off.
△ You could use words like:
“I have noticed …………..”
‣ You seem to be a bit angry when I ask you to do things.
‣ You don’t seem to want to go to football any more.
‣ I’m just wondering is anything troubling you?
△ Listen and ask more questions to try to understand.
△ Try to stay calm when listening.
Other things to look out for
△ Is your child getting enough sleep?
△ Are they eating a healthy diet?
△ Are they being bullied at school?
△ What are they doing online? – do you know which websites they are visiting/ who they are talking to online?
△ Are they taking drugs or alcohol?
Where can I get help?
△ There are lots of different types of support. Your local council should be able to tell you what is around in your area.
△ Some websites have good advice and information for parents like:
‣ www.minded.org.uk
‣ www.familylives.org.uk
△ Others have advice and information for children like:
‣ www.getconnected.org.uk
△ Here are some websites that have advice and information for children and parents:
‣ www.relate.org.uk
‣ www.youngminds.org.uk
‣ www.rcpsych.ac.uk
△ Here are some phone lines where you can talk about your problems:
Family Lives confidential help line
0808 800 2222
Childline 0800 1111
△ In an emergency – phone an ambulance or go to A & E.
How do I look after myself?
△ It can be stressful supporting your child through mental health difficulties.
△ You need to look after yourself to help other people.
△ Take breaks, do something fun.
△ Talk to people who you find supportive.
△ Fresh air and exercise always help!
△ You could try mindfulness meditation. It can help get rid of stress.
△ Mindfulness is about thinking calmly about right now.
△ Meditation is training your mind to be still.